Voltage-regulator.



PATENTED JULY 17, 1906.

H. R. STUART.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.14. 1904.

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/ A TTOR/VEY No. 825,986. PATENTBD JULY 17, 1906. H. R. STUART.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR;14,1904.

5 SHEETS$HEET 2- WITNESSES:

' INVENTOR I ATTORNEY No. 825,986. PATENTBD JULY 17, 1906.

H. R. STUART.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED APR. 14. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W/TNESSES." INVENTOR '0'. ATTORNEY PATENTED JULY 17, 1906.

H. R. STUART.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APRI14. 1904.

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nvvnv rore W/TA/ESSES 5 A TTdR/VE PATENTED JULY 17,1906. H. R. STUART.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14. 1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVE R. STUART, or WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, Assrc oaTo WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A coa- PORATIQN or PENNSYLVANIA.

VOLTAGE-REGULATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 17 1906.

--T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVE R. STUART, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania'have invented a new and useful Improvement in Voltage-Regulators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention'relates to apparatus for varying the voltage of alternating-current circuits; and it has for its object to provide a simple, compact, and commercially-efficient apparatus for raising and lowering alternating-current voltages that are so high or the attendant currents of which are so large that the regulators heretofore-generally employed have been found inadequate or unsatisfactory for the service.

My invention is primarily intended and especially adapted for use in practicing the invention set forth in Patent No. 740,173, granted to the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company on an application filed jointly byJohn S. Peck and myself.

Wthile the said patent sets forth all the assent al elements of a regulator adapted for practlcal service conditions, my present in-' "vention embodies developments and im,

provements which have structural and fume-5 tional characteristics of importance and value in commercial operations and at the sametime includes the essential features of the said patent. T v

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a diagrammatic view of a system of distribution in connection with which my invention is adapted to be employed. Fig. 2 is, an end view of the regulator, portion of the case being broken away. 'Fi 3 is a sectional view on line III III of ig. 4. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the regulator, .the cover being removed." Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of one of the gear-wheels of the apparatus and the driving-dogs therefor. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view taken on line V1 VI of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of. the operatingmechanism shown in Figs. 2 and 4. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line VIII VIII of Fig. 7. Fig.9 is a sectional view on line IX'IX of Fig.- 4: looking toward the left, and Fig. 10 is a similar view on line X X of Fig. 4 looking toward the right.

.to the spaced leads 3.

As set forth-in the above-mentioned'patem, a main transformer 1, com risin a primary winding 2, which is su divi ed by means of spaced leads 3, and a secondary winding 4, 1s su' lied from distributing line conductors 5. 11 series withthe primary winding 2 of the transformer 1 is the secondary winding 6 of a series transformer 7, one terminal 8 of the primary winding 9 of which is connected to a point 10, which is between the windings 6 and 2, and the other terminal 11 of which is connected directly to contact-terminals 12 of switches 13 and 14.

The other c ontactterminal 15 of the switch 13 is connected to contact-terminals 16 and 17 of switches 18 and 19, and contact-termit nal'20 of theswitch 14 is connected to contact-terminals 21 and 22 of switches 23 and 24:, the other contact-terminal of the switches 18, 19, 23, and-24 being roperly connected I E preventive resistance 25 is connected between thecontactf terminals 15 and 20 of the switches 13 and 14.

When the switches 14. and 24 are closed,.

the primary winding -9 of the series transformer 7 is short-circuited, and hence full;

'line voltage is impressed upon the primary winding 2 of the main transformer 1, and in order to impress a different voltage upon the primary winding the operation consists in closing switch 19, opening switch 24.,closing 'switch13, and opening switch 14. These 1 5 operations being completed, the rimary circuit of theseries transformer wil be through the winding 9 to the terminal 11, through switch 13,- switch 19, portion 260i the primary winding'2, to the terminal 8 of the primary winding of thes'eries transformer. The next succession of operations consists in closing switch 23, opening switch 19, closing switch 14, and opening switch 13, whereby section 27 of the primary winding 2 of the main transformer 1 is introduced into the circuit of the primary Winding f the series transformer 7. 1 The remaining operations ofeach of the steps are effected in a similar,

manner. If it is desired to return from any voltage to the last preceding voltage or if it is desired to reverse the voltage-changing steps, the operations must occur in a precise order. For

instance, if it is desired to-return from the above last-described positidns of the switches osing switch 19, opening switch 23, closing switch 13, and opening switch 14. The apparatus here shown as embodying my invention comprises means for causing theseswitches to open and close in the proper order both when the voltage is to be raised and when it is to be lowered.

Journaled in one end of a case or frame 28 is ashort shaft 29, to the outer end of which is secured a crank-arm 30 and to the inner end of which is secured a pinion 31, which has a laterally-projecting lug 31*. Between the pinion 31 and the caseand loosely mounted upon the shaft'29 is a cam-wheel32, having two laterally-projecting lugs 32 in position to engage the pinion-lug 31 and having a depression 33 in its periphery adapted to receive a roller 34, which is mounted upon a lever 35.

One end of the lever 35 is pivoted to a lug 36,

- and to its other end is attached a spring 37, i

which serves to hold the roller 34 inengagement with the peri hery of the cam 32. The cam-wheel 32 an the cocperating devices above described are utilized in order to invariably stop rotation of the shaft 29 at the oint which insures the proper cooperative reation of the switch-operating devices to be hereinafter described. A pointer 30 may also be provided to afford a visual indication of the proper position of rest for the operating mechanism. The lost-motion connection between the cam-wheel 32 and the pinion 3 1, which is provided by corresponds to the lost motionof certain of the switch-operating devices, which takes place when the direction of motion is reversed.

Meshing with the 38, which is rigidly secured upon a shaft 39 cated in Figs. 4 and7.

by means of z in 39 said shaft having bearings at 40 an 41, I A quill 42, having cams 43 and 44, is loosely mounted'upon the shaft 39, the cams having approximately the same dlsposed on opposite sides an near opposite'ends, of the quill, as indi- By means of a dog 45 at one end of the quill to engage with the one side or the other of a lug 46 on the gear-wheel 38, the cams 43 and .44 are actuated at proper intervals whether the voltage of the circuit is to be increased or decrease One end of the shaft 39 is keyed to a quill 47, having a gear-wheel 48 and having a feather connection with one end of a shaft 49. (See Fig. 7.) The 0 posite end of the shaft 49 is provided with t eads 50, which engage with a stationary nut 51, and at proper inter? vals throughout its length it is provided with earns 52, 53, 54, and 55, which have approximately the same form, but are disposed alternately upon opposite sides of the shaft.

Pivoted' to stationarybrackets 56 bymeans quently the switches are allowed the lugs 31? and 32 pinion 31 is a gear-wheel 42, which is adapted I of rods 57 are levers 58, which are severally rovided at their front ends with rollers 59 to bear upon the peripheries of the corresponding cams 52 53, &c. The rear ends of the levers 58 are provided with screws 60, having lock-nuts 60*, said screws constituting adjustable stops for the levers. Toggle-lever arms'61 are also'pivotally supported at-their front ends upon the rods 57 and at their rear ends are connected to toggle members 62, which in turn are pivoted at their other ends to switch-levers 63. Adjusting means for the toggle-levers are provided at the jointed ends of the levers 62, and lock-nuts 65.

The front ends of-the switch-levers 63 are pivotally supported upon a shaft 66, and the other ends are connected, by means of links 67, to switch-rods 68. Disposed alternately on opposite sides of the shaft 66 and rigidly secured thereto are cams 69, which are adapted to engage at the pro er instants with the members-62, and there y cause the togglejoints' to buckle. While the movement of the levers 58 is gradual, because dependent upon the rotation of the cams 52 53, &c., the buckling of the toggle-joints is sudden, since there is no rigid connection between the levers 58 and the members 61, and conseto open meshes quickly. A gear-wheel 70, which the gear-wheel 48, is loosely mounted with comprising screws 64 upon the shaft 66 and is provided on one face with two lugs 71, between which fits a dog 72, that is ri idly fastened to the shaft 66. The opposite ace of the gear-wheel 70 is provided with a lug 71, so located as to be engaged by a dog 7 2, that is rigidl fastened to the shaft 66. When the gear-w eel 70 is ro tated, the lug 71 engages the one side or the other of the dog 72, according to the direction of rotation, and thereby effects rotation of the shaft 66. When the direction of rotation of the gearwheel 70 is reversed, the lug 71 has a path of movement of considerable length before it engages the other side of the dog 72 to effect rotation of the shaft 66 in the opposite direction.

The switches may be of any desired type of construction, those which I have shown comprising movable switch-arms 73, contact-terminals 73, attached to the ends thereof, and stationary terminals 74, adapted to be engaged by said movable terminals, all of which are suitably mounted in reservoirs 75, which may contain oil.

When the crank-arm 30 is rotated in a direction such as to cause a rise in voltage, the gear-wheel 38 is rotated by the pinion 3] and the lug 46 engages the do 45, thereby causing the quills 42 and 47, the cams 43 and 44, and the shaft 49 to rotate in the same direction as the crank-arm. The gear-wheel 48 causes its corresponding gear-wheel 70 to rotate, so that the lug 71* engages the dog 7 2*,

' and thus eiiects rotation of the shaft 66. If

I the shaft 49 be rotated sufiiciently from the osition shown in Fig. 4., the cam 53' will be rought intoengagement with the roller 59 at one end of the corresponding lever 58 and will gradually effect closure of the switch 19, and the switch 24'wi11 be opened-after the switch 19 is fully closed by reason of the engagement of the proper cam69 with the toggle-levers which operate the switch 24. After the switch 24 is opened the cam 44 will engage the roller 59at one end of the corresponding lever 58 and cause the switch 13 to close, and-switch .14 will be then opened by reason of the buckling of its corresponding toggle-joint by the engagement therewith of l the corresponding cam 69. As the shaft 49 levers 58. One complete rotation of the is rotated it is also given a longitudinal motion by reason of its threaded connection with the stationary nut 51, and cams 52, 53, 54, and 55 will thus becaused' to engage successively the rollers59 oi the corresponding shaft 49 is accompanied bysuch a degree of longitudinal movement that but a single one 7 of the cams mounted thereon is in service at one time. will be understood that by continuing the rotation of the crank'arm' 39 the operawheel 70 andt e shaft'66 each ,tions may be caused to occur successively and thevoltage gradually varied. If it is desired tolower the voltage, it is only necessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the operating lever, and= by virtue of thelostmotion connections between the gear-wheel 38and the .q ill 42 and'between the "gear- I p operation will occur at the proper instant. Since the circuits through the various transformer-windings remain closed regardless of the position occupied by the operat-I ing-handle of the regulator, it is evident that my invention is particularly useful in connection with circuits which it is absolutely prohibitive to open. I 7

It will be also understood that the transformer-winding may be divided into any desired number of arts'and that the regulator may be adapted or use with such transformers by employing a corresponding number of switches whichmay be operated in a similar manner, and I therefore do not intend to limit my invention to the precise number, structure, or arrangement of switches here shown and described.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination w1 means for alternately operating two other switches,

2. The combination with means for first closing one switch of 'a series and then opening the last preceding switch of that series, the operation of the switches continu' to the end of the-series, ofmeans for next d losth means for successively operating a series of switches, of-

ing one of a pair of switches and then opening the other, the two. switches being a ternately openedand closed.

3. The combination with a quill, of a shaft 1 actuated thereby having a threaded portion at one end, a stationary nut with which said threaded portion engages, and cams mounted on said shaft.-

4. The combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion actuated thereby, of a gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft towhich said gear-wheel is rigidl secured, a quill loosely mounted on said sh t, and cams on said quill.

5. The combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion actuated thereby, of a gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft to which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a

quill loosely mounted on said shaft. and a lost-motion connection between said shaft and said quill.

6. The combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion actuated thereby, of a gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, ashaft upon which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a" quill loosely-mounted on said shaft, cams on said quill, and a second quill actuated by said shaft.

7. The combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion actuated thereby, of a gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft upon which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a quill loosely mounted on said shaft, cams on said uill, a second quillactuated by said shaft, an a shaft actuated by said sec-- 8. I he combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion'actuated thereby, of a gearwheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft upon;which said gear-wheelie rigidly se-' cured, a quill loosely mounted on said shaft,

cams on said quill, a second quill actuated by said shaft, a shaft actuated by said second quilland having a threaded portion at one end, anda stationary nut w1th which said threaded portion engages.

So I

1 9. The combination with an operatingshaft, a shaft actuate by said second quill and having a threaded portion atone end, a

stationary nut with which said threaded por handle, apinion actuated th'ereby and a gear tion engages and earns mounted on said shaft.

10. The combination with a connectingrod and a link, of a lever pivoted at oneend to said link a stationary bracket to which the other end of said lever is pivoted and toggle mem ers one of which is pivoted to said lever andt e other of which is pivoted to said sta tionary bracket.

11. The combination with a connectingrod and a link, of a lever connected at its free end tos'aid link and fulcrumed at its other end and to gle members one of which is pivwhich is crumed on a stationary axis, and a lever fulcrumed on said axis to named toggle member.

13. The combination with a. switch-open engage said secondating rod, a link connected to one end thereof and a rotatably-mounted cam, of a lever connected at its free endto said link and fulcrumed at its, other end, tog le members one of'which is pivoted to said lever and the other of which is fulcrumed on a stationary axis and provided with a roller to be engaged by said cam.

14. The combination a switch-operating-rod, a link connected to one'end thereof and a rotatably-mounted cam, of a lever connected at its free end to said link and fulcrumed at its otherend, to'g le members one of which is pivoted to. sai lever and the other of which is fulcrumed on a stationary axis, and a lever fulcrumed on said axis to en gage said second-named toggle member and provided with a roller to be engaged by said cam.

15. The combination with connecting-rods and links, of; levers connected at corres 0nd- 1n ends to said links, a shaft on .whic the other ends are fulcrumed, pairs of toggle members interposed between the levers and actuating devices, and cams on said shaft ada ted to cause i said toggle members to buc (1e. v

16. The combination with connectlng-rods and links, of levers connected at one end to saidlinks, a shaft on which the other ends are fulcrumed, pairs of toggle members, cams on said shaft adapted to cause said toggle members to buckle, and a "ear-wheel loosely mounted on said shaft an tion connection therewith. 17. The combination w th connecti1.-, ;;-rods having lost-moand links, of levers connected at one end to said links, a shaft on which the other endifare.

fulcrumed, pairs of toggle members, cams on said shaft adapted to cause said toggle n1em bers to buckle, dogs on said shaft, a gear-' lugs on with which said dogs are wheel loosel mounted thereon and said gear-w eel adapted to engage. v

18. The combination with rotatable cams, oflevers adapted to engage at corresponding ends Withsaid canisand toggle members having knuckle joint connections with said levers.

19. The combination with a quill, of a shaft that is actuated thereby and has a threaded portion at one end, a stationarynut with toggle members one of which is pivoted shaft provided with cams and which said threaded portion engages, cams mounted on said shaftand switches actuated by said cams;

20. The combination with an operatinghandle and a pinion actuated thereby, of a gear-wheel meshing with said inion, a shaft to which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a quill'loosely mounted on said shaft, cams on said quill and switches actuated by said cams.

21. The combination with an operating handle and a pinion'actuated thereby, of a I gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft upon which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a quill loosely mounted on said s aft, cams on said quill, switches actuated by said cams,

switch-tripping devices andlost-motion connections between said quill and said ti'ipping devices.

22. The combination with an operatingactuated thereby, of a handle and a pinion gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft upon which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a quill loosely mounted on said s aft, cams on said quill, switches actuated by said cams, a

second quill actuated by said shaft, a second actuated by saidsecond quill, and switches actuated by said cams.

23. The combination with anoperating handleand a pinion actuated thereby, of a 9 gear-wheel meshing with said pinion, a shaft upon which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured,

a quill loosely mounted on said shaft, cams on 'said quill, switches actuated by said cams, a

second quill actuated by said shaft, a shaft actuated by said second quill and having a threaded portion at one end, cams on said shaft, switches actuated by said cams, and a stationary nut with which said threaded portion engages.

24. The combination'with an operating handle, a pinion actuated thereby and a gearwheel meshing with said pinion, of ashaft to which said gear-wheel is rigidly secured, a quill loosely mounted on said shaft, cams on said quill, switches actuated by said cams, a second quill actuated by said shaft, a shaft actuated by said second quill and having a threaded portion at one end, a stationary nut with which said threaded portion engages, cams mounted on said shaft, switches actuated by said cams, and tripping devices for said switches.

25. The combination with a switch-operat ing rod and a link, of a lever pivoted at one end to said link, a stationary bracket to which the other end of said lever is pivoted,

tog le membersone of whicheis pivoted to said lever and the other of which is pivoted to said stationary bracket, means for actuating said toggle members slowly in one direction, and means for tripping said members.

26. The combination with a switch-operating rod and a link, of a lever connected at its free end to said link and fulcrumed at its other end, toggle members one of which is I pivoted to said lever and the other of which is fulc-rumedon a stationary axis, and means for operating said toggle members. p

27. The combination with a switch-operating rod and a link, of a lever connected at its free end to said link and fulcrumedat its other end, toggle members one of which'is pivoted to said lever and the other ofwhich is fulcrumed on a stationary axis, a lever fulcrumed on said axis to engage said second named toggle member, vand means for actuating the second lever.

28. The combination-'- with a series of switches and toggle-joint mechanisms for closing'them, of a plurality of interconnected shafts provided with operating-cams and a "single handle for operating said shafts.

29. The combination with a series of switches and a pluralityof interconnected :shafts and quills provided with cams, togglejoint mechanisms actuated by said cams to close and open 'said switches in a predetermined order, and a single handle for operating said devices. I

j In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub- HARVE' R. STUART.

' scribed my name this 8th day of-April, 1904. t 

